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<h1>Journey to the centre of a galaxy cluster</h1>
|
||
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<div class="archive-image archive-image-dark popup">
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<a class="popup" href="https://cdn.esahubble.org/archives/images/screen/potm2605a.jpg" title="Journey to the centre of a galaxy cluster">
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<img
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class="img-responsive"
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src="https://cdn.esahubble.org/archives/images/thumb700x/potm2605a.jpg"
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alt="Journey to the centre of a galaxy cluster"
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srcset="/media/archives/images/medium/potm2605a.jpg 320w, https://cdn.esahubble.org/archives/images/news/potm2605a.jpg 180w, /media/archives/images/newsmini/potm2605a.jpg 60w, https://cdn.esahubble.org/archives/images/screen/potm2605a.jpg 1280w, https://cdn.esahubble.org/archives/images/thumb700x/potm2605a.jpg 700w, /media/archives/images/thumbs/potm2605a.jpg 122w"
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sizes="(min-width: 1000px) 700px, 100vw"
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/>
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<p><p>The focus of today’s ESA/Hubble <a href="https://esahubble.org/images/potm/">Picture of the Month</a> is an active <a href="https://esahubble.org/wordbank/spiral-galaxy/">spiral galaxy</a> on a journey lasting hundreds of millions of years. The galaxy Messier 88 (M88), which is also known as NGC 4501, is located about 63 million light-years away in the constellation <a href="https://noirlab.edu/public/education/constellations/comaberenices/">Coma Berenices</a> (Berenice’s Hair). </p>
|
||
<p>M88 is an active galaxy, which means that its centre harbours a supermassive <a href="https://esahubble.org/wordbank/black-hole/">black hole</a> that is snacking on gas and dust. This black hole is estimated to be around 100 million times as massive as the Sun, and it appears to be powering outflows of gas from the galaxy’s centre.</p>
|
||
<p>Around this black hole is a population of old, reddish stars that give M88 its warmly glowing heart. Spreading out from the centre are several tightly wound, symmetrical spiral arms, each outlined by sparkling pink and blue star clusters and knotted clouds of dust. We see M88 from an angle so that it appears elongated, and its spiral arms delicately fan out before it.</p>
|
||
<p>M88 is a member of the Virgo Cluster, a collection of more than a thousand galaxies held together by gravity — and therefore linked by fate. As this massive group of galaxies moves through space, the galaxies themselves are in constant motion as they orbit the cluster’s centre of gravity. M88 itself is on a long and somewhat perilous cosmic journey that will bring it to the innermost reaches of the cluster.</p>
|
||
<p>As is the case with any epic journey, M88 will be fundamentally changed by its trek to the centre of the Virgo Cluster, about 2 million light-years from where it is today. In 200–300 million years, M88 will make its closest approach to Messier 87, the massive <a href="https://esahubble.org/wordbank/elliptical-galaxy/">elliptical galaxy</a> that anchors the entire cluster. As it draws close to this gravitational behemoth, M88 will experience intense ram pressure stripping. Ram pressure stripping is a process through which a galaxy’s gas is swept away as it pushes through the ever-present gas between the galaxies in a cluster.</p>
|
||
<p>Researchers have already seen this process at work in M88. The galaxy’s swirling disc of gas is truncated, and it appears to have been compressed on the leading edge of the galaxy, piling up like snow before a plough. In fact, M88 appears to have considerably less cold gas — the raw fuel for star formation — than expected for a galaxy of its size, especially in its outer regions. This is a clear sign that M88 will be altered by its journey, which will affect its ability to form stars and alter the course of its evolution.</p>
|
||
<p>Astronomers observed M88 with Hubble as part of an observing programme (#<a href="https://archive.stsci.edu/proposal_search.php?mission=hst&id=18103">18103</a>; PI: D. Thilker) dedicated to understanding the lives of spiral galaxies in crowded environments. This programme uses Hubble’s highly capable <a href="https://esahubble.org/about/general/instruments/wfc3/">Wide Field Camera 3</a>, which can finely resolve individual star clusters and nebulae in galaxies tens of millions of light-years away. By studying galaxies on these scales, astronomers can understand how a journey through a cluster impacts galaxies’ evolution and ability to form new stars.</p>
|
||
<p>[<em>Image Description:</em> A large spiral galaxy. It is seen tilted at an angle, so that it is foreshortened and appears very wide. Its tightly-wound, blue spiral arms swirl out from its glowing centre, spreading apart at the tips. They are followed by strands and clumps of dark red dust, and spotted with pink dots where stars are forming in clouds of gas. The galaxy is surrounded by a slight glow and lies on a dark background.]</p>
|
||
<h3>Links</h3>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><a href="https://www.esa.int/ESA_Multimedia/Images/2026/05/Journey_to_the_centre_of_a_galaxy_cluster">Image on ESA website</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="https://esahubble.org/videos/potm2605a/">Pan video: M88</a></li>
|
||
</ul></p>
|
||
<strong>Credit:</strong><div class="credit"><p>ESA/Hubble & NASA, D. Thilker and the MAUVE-HST Team</p></div>
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<div class="archive-search"><a href="/images/search/" class="advanced-search" data-container="body" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="left" title="Advanced Search"><span class="fa fa-plus"></span></a><form class="form-inline" role="form" action="/images/" method="GET"><div class="form-group"><div class="input-group"><input id="id_archivesearch" type="text" value="" placeholder="Search..." name="search" class="form-control input-sm" /><span class="input-group-btn"><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm" type="submit" aria-label="search"><span class="fa fa-search"></span></button></span></div></div></form></div>
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<div class="object-info"><h3>About the Image</h3><div><table aria-describedby="About the Image"><tr><th class="title" scope="row">Id:</th><td>potm2605a</td></tr><tr><th class="title" scope="row">Type:</th><td>Observation</td></tr><tr><th class="title" scope="row">Release date:</th><td>29 May 2026, 10:00</td></tr><tr><th class="title" scope="row">Size:</th><td>7958 x 3807 px</td></tr></table></div><hr><h3>About the Object</h3><div><table aria-describedby="About the Object"><tr><th class="title" scope="row">Name:</th><td><a href="http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-id?Ident=Messier+88">Messier 88</a></td></tr><tr><th class="title" scope="row">Distance:</th><td>63 million <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Light-year">light years</a><br /></td></tr><tr><th class="title" scope="row">Constellation:</th><td><a href="https://noirlab.edu/public/education/constellations/comaberenices">Coma Berenices</a></td></tr><tr><th class="title" scope="row">Category:</th><td><a href="/images/archive/category/galaxies/">Galaxies</a><br></td></tr></table></div><hr></div>
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<div><h3 class="archivegrouptitle" >Image Formats</h3><div class="archive_download"><span class="archive_dl_icon"><img src="/assets/icons/icon_phot.1785b79e10fb.png" alt="r.title" /></span><span class="archive_dl_text"><a href="/media/archives/images/original/potm2605a.tif">Fullsize Original</a></span><span class="archive_dl_size"><div><span style="color:red">173.4 MB</span><a class="download-info" role="button" tabindex="0" data-toggle="popover" data-html="true" data-trigger="focus" data-placement="bottom" data-content="<strong>Warning: Big file!</strong><br>Do not display in browser, but right click the link and use 'Save target as / Save link as'.<br><strong>Note:</strong><br>Crediting this image with the full credit line, in a visible way is MANDATORY, if you want to use it without paying a fee. The full credit line to use can be found in each image caption."><i class="fa fa-question-circle"></i></a><a class="download-info" role="button" tabindex="0" data-toggle="popover" data-html="true" data-trigger="click" data-placement="bottom" data-title="sha256 checksum" data-content="c49be0a662a926999dbf88601bd88cfa0e4faf92e934176dfe2b8e3a246d7ce8 potm2605a.tif"> checksum</a></div></span></div><div class="archive_download"><span class="archive_dl_icon"><img src="/assets/icons/icon_phot.1785b79e10fb.png" alt="r.title" /></span><span class="archive_dl_text"><a href="https://cdn.esahubble.org/archives/images/large/potm2605a.jpg">Large JPEG</a></span><span class="archive_dl_size"><div>
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14.2 MB
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</div></span></div><div class="archive_download"><span class="archive_dl_icon"><img src="/assets/icons/icon_phot.1785b79e10fb.png" alt="r.title" /></span><span class="archive_dl_text"><a href="/media/archives/images/publicationtiff/potm2605a.tif">Publication TIFF 4K</a></span><span class="archive_dl_size"><div>
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19.0 MB
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</div></span></div><div class="archive_download"><span class="archive_dl_icon"><img src="/assets/icons/icon_phot.1785b79e10fb.png" alt="r.title" /></span><span class="archive_dl_text"><a href="https://cdn.esahubble.org/archives/images/publicationjpg/potm2605a.jpg">Publication JPEG</a></span><span class="archive_dl_size"><div>
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3.3 MB
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</div></span></div><div class="archive_download"><span class="archive_dl_icon"><img src="/assets/icons/icon_phot.1785b79e10fb.png" alt="r.title" /></span><span class="archive_dl_text"><a href="https://cdn.esahubble.org/archives/images/screen/potm2605a.jpg">Screensize JPEG</a></span><span class="archive_dl_size"><div>
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185.9 KB
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</div></span></div><hr class="esohr" /></div><div><h3 class="archivegrouptitle" >Zoomable</h3><div class="archive_download"><span class="archive_dl_icon"><img src="/assets/icons/icon_zoom.f6f6ae27d272.png" alt="r.title" /></span><span class="archive_dl_text"><a href="zoomable/">Zoomable</a></span></div><hr class="esohr" /></div><div><h3 class="archivegrouptitle" >Classic Wallpapers</h3><div class="archive_download"><span class="archive_dl_icon"><img src="/assets/icons/icon_slides.a4554b88fd91.png" alt="r.title" /></span><span class="archive_dl_text"><a href="https://cdn.esahubble.org/archives/images/wallpaper1/potm2605a.jpg">1024x768</a></span><span class="archive_dl_size"><div>
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</div></span></div><div class="archive_download"><span class="archive_dl_icon"><img src="/assets/icons/icon_slides.a4554b88fd91.png" alt="r.title" /></span><span class="archive_dl_text"><a href="https://cdn.esahubble.org/archives/images/wallpaper2/potm2605a.jpg">1280x1024</a></span><span class="archive_dl_size"><div>
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</div></span></div><div class="archive_download"><span class="archive_dl_icon"><img src="/assets/icons/icon_slides.a4554b88fd91.png" alt="r.title" /></span><span class="archive_dl_text"><a href="https://cdn.esahubble.org/archives/images/wallpaper3/potm2605a.jpg">1600x1200</a></span><span class="archive_dl_size"><div>
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931.7 KB
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</div></span></div><div class="archive_download"><span class="archive_dl_icon"><img src="/assets/icons/icon_slides.a4554b88fd91.png" alt="r.title" /></span><span class="archive_dl_text"><a href="https://cdn.esahubble.org/archives/images/wallpaper4/potm2605a.jpg">1920x1200</a></span><span class="archive_dl_size"><div>
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1.1 MB
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</div></span></div><div class="archive_download"><span class="archive_dl_icon"><img src="/assets/icons/icon_slides.a4554b88fd91.png" alt="r.title" /></span><span class="archive_dl_text"><a href="https://cdn.esahubble.org/archives/images/wallpaper5/potm2605a.jpg">2048x1536</a></span><span class="archive_dl_size"><div>
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1.5 MB
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</div></span></div><hr class="esohr" /></div><div><h3 class="archivegrouptitle" >Desktop Wallpapers</h3><div class="archive_download"><span class="archive_dl_icon"><img src="/assets/icons/icon_slides.a4554b88fd91.png" alt="r.title" /></span><span class="archive_dl_text"><a href="https://cdn.esahubble.org/archives/images/wallpaper_hd/potm2605a.jpg">1280x720 (HD)</a></span><span class="archive_dl_size"><div>
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379.5 KB
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</div></span></div><div class="archive_download"><span class="archive_dl_icon"><img src="/assets/icons/icon_slides.a4554b88fd91.png" alt="r.title" /></span><span class="archive_dl_text"><a href="https://cdn.esahubble.org/archives/images/wallpaper_fhd/potm2605a.jpg">1920x1080 (FHD)</a></span><span class="archive_dl_size"><div>
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866.3 KB
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</div></span></div><div class="archive_download"><span class="archive_dl_icon"><img src="/assets/icons/icon_slides.a4554b88fd91.png" alt="r.title" /></span><span class="archive_dl_text"><a href="https://cdn.esahubble.org/archives/images/wallpaper_qhd/potm2605a.jpg">2560x1440 (QHD)</a></span><span class="archive_dl_size"><div>
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1.5 MB
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</div></span></div><div class="archive_download"><span class="archive_dl_icon"><img src="/assets/icons/icon_slides.a4554b88fd91.png" alt="r.title" /></span><span class="archive_dl_text"><a href="https://cdn.esahubble.org/archives/images/wallpaper_uhd/potm2605a.jpg">3840x2160 (UHD)</a></span><span class="archive_dl_size"><div>
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2.9 MB
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</div></span></div><hr class="esohr" /></div><div><h3 class="archivegrouptitle" >Mobile Wallpapers</h3><div class="archive_download"><span class="archive_dl_icon"><img src="/assets/icons/icon_mobile.e672e620272a.png" alt="r.title" /></span><span class="archive_dl_text"><a href="https://cdn.esahubble.org/archives/images/wallpaper_mobile_fhd/potm2605a.jpg">1080x1920 (Mobile FHD)</a></span><span class="archive_dl_size"><div>
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787.0 KB
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</div></span></div><div class="archive_download"><span class="archive_dl_icon"><img src="/assets/icons/icon_mobile.e672e620272a.png" alt="r.title" /></span><span class="archive_dl_text"><a href="https://cdn.esahubble.org/archives/images/wallpaper_mobile_fhd_plus/potm2605a.jpg">1080x2340 (Mobile FHD+)</a></span><span class="archive_dl_size"><div>
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897.1 KB
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</div></span></div><div class="archive_download"><span class="archive_dl_icon"><img src="/assets/icons/icon_mobile.e672e620272a.png" alt="r.title" /></span><span class="archive_dl_text"><a href="https://cdn.esahubble.org/archives/images/wallpaper_mobile_qhd_plus/potm2605a.jpg">1440x3200 (Mobile QHD+)</a></span><span class="archive_dl_size"><div>
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1.4 MB
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</div></span></div><div class="archive_download"><span class="archive_dl_icon"><img src="/assets/icons/icon_mobile.e672e620272a.png" alt="r.title" /></span><span class="archive_dl_text"><a href="https://cdn.esahubble.org/archives/images/wallpaper_mobile_uhd/potm2605a.jpg">2160x3840 (Mobile UHD)</a></span><span class="archive_dl_size"><div>
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</div></span></div><hr class="esohr" /></div>
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<div class="object-info"><h3>Coordinates</h3><table aria-describedby="Object coordinates"><tr><th class="title" scope="row">Position (RA):</th><td>12 31 59.67</td></tr><tr><th class="title" scope="row">Position (Dec):</th><td>14° 25' 23.48"</td></tr><tr><th class="title" scope="row">Field of view:</th><td>5.31 x 2.54 arcminutes
|
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</td></tr><tr><th class="title" scope="row">Orientation:</th><td>North is 133.8° left of vertical</td></tr></table><script type="text/javascript">
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</script><canvas id="compass_canvas" width="240" height="140"></canvas><!--ESASky section--><div class="wwtlink"><div>View in ESASky:</div><div style="padding: 5px 0 5px 0;"><a href="http://sky.esa.int/?hst_image=potm2605a&hips=DSS2+color&sci=false&hide_welcome=true" title="View in ESASky"><img src="/assets/images/esasky.268b9651f7f4.png" style="width: 200px;" alt="ESASky" /></a></div></div><!--WWT section--><div class="wwtlink"><div>View in WorldWide Telescope:</div><div><a href="http://www.worldwidetelescope.org/wwtweb/ShowImage.aspx?ra=187.99860565512267&dec=14.423189117857785&x=640.0&y=306.1673787383765&scale=0.24884470650525706&rotation=46.160000000000196&name=Messier+88&imageurl=http%3A%2F%2Fesahubble.org%2Fmedia%2Farchives%2Fimages%2Fscreen%2Fpotm2605a.jpg&thumb=http%3A%2F%2Fesahubble.org%2Fmedia%2Farchives%2Fimages%2Fthumbs%2Fpotm2605a.jpg&credits=&creditsUrl=http%3A%2F%2Fesahubble.org%2Fimages%2Fpotm2605a%2F" title="View in WorldWide Telescope"><img src="/assets/images/wwt.7bb7b26ba217.png" alt="View in WorldWide Telescope" /></a></div></div><!--Aladin section--><script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-1.10.2.min.js"></script><style>
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</style><div class="object-info"><h3>Colours & filters</h3><table class="table table-striped table-condensed" aria-describedby="Colours & filters"><tr><th>Band</th><th>Wavelength</th><th>Telescope</th></tr><tr><td><span class="band_Purple">Ultraviolet</span><br /><span class="band_instrument">UV</span></td><td>275 nm</td><td>
|
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Hubble Space Telescope
|
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<br/><span class="band_instrument">WFC3</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="band_Blue">Optical</span><br /><span class="band_instrument">U</span></td><td>336 nm</td><td>
|
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Hubble Space Telescope
|
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<br/><span class="band_instrument">WFC3</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="band_Cyan">Optical</span><br /><span class="band_instrument">B</span></td><td>438 nm</td><td>
|
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Hubble Space Telescope
|
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<br/><span class="band_instrument">WFC3</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="band_Green">Optical</span><br /><span class="band_instrument">V</span></td><td>555 nm</td><td>
|
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Hubble Space Telescope
|
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<br/><span class="band_instrument">WFC3</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="band_Red">Optical</span><br /><span class="band_instrument">I</span></td><td>814 nm</td><td>
|
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Hubble Space Telescope
|
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<br/><span class="band_instrument">WFC3</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="band_Red">Optical</span><br /><span class="band_instrument">H-alpha + NII</span></td><td>657 nm</td><td>
|
||
|
||
|
||
Hubble Space Telescope
|
||
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<br/><span class="band_instrument">WFC3</span></td></tr></table></div>
|
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|
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
|
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|
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<div class="row footernote">
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<div class="col-xs-12 col-md-12">
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<a href="/about/privacy/">Privacy policy</a>
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<a href="https://encisosystems.com/">Website developed and operated by Enciso Systems</a>
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